%% Bytes, Bits, and Character Representation
%  Tim Placek - CHEN 3600 - Computer-Aided Chemical Engineering
%  Spring 2012
%
format compact, format short g, clear, clc
%%  Available symbols:
%   Base-10     0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9
%   Base-2      0, 1
%   Base-16     0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, A, B, C, D, E, F
%%  Building Numbers
%   103[10] = 1(10^2) + 0(10^1) + 3(10^0) = 103[base-10]
%   10010[2] = 1(2^4) + 0(2^3) + 0(2^2) + 1(2^1) + 0(2^0) = 18[base10]
%            = 1(16)  + 0(8)   + 0(4)   + 1(2)   + 0(1)   = 18[base10]
%%  Counting in base10 and base16 and base2
format compact, format short g, clear, clc
    fprintf('  k(base10)  k(base(16)     k(base2)\n');
for i = 1:16
    k = i-1;
    h = dec2hex(k);
    m = dec2bin(k);
    fprintf('    %d               %s          %s\n', k, h, m);
end
%%  Characters in base10 and hex (base16)
format compact, format short g, clear, clc
fprintf('  k(base10)    k(base16)     k(base2)    k(character)\n');
for k = 32:127
    h = dec2hex(k);
    n = dec2bin(k);
    m = char(k);
    fprintf('    %d            %s           %s            %s\n', k, h, n, m);
end
%%  Numbers from characters
format compact, format short g, clear, clc
fprintf(' character   k(base10)\n');
for k = 32:127
    m = char(k);
    n = num2str(m);
    fprintf('    %s            %d \n', m, n);
end
%% Working with strings
format compact, format short g, clear, clc
breed = 'Pembroke Welsh Corgi';
% Convert any uppercase to lowercase
for k = 1:length(breed)
    if (breed(k)>='A' & breed(k) <= 'Z') 
        breed(k)=breed(k)+32;
    end
end
breed
% Raise the 3rd letter by one character
breed(3)=breed(3)+1;
breed 
%% So what is a Welsh Corgi???
im = imread('PembrokeLucy2.jpg');
imshow(im);
pause(5)
im = rgb2gray(im);
imshow(im);