IEEE Transactions on Industrial Electronics 

Volume 55,  Number 10, Oct 2008           Access to the journal on IEEE XPLORE     IE Transactions Home Page



55.10.1    "Table of Contents," IEEE Trans. on Industrial Electronics, vol. 55, no. 10, pp. C1-3497, Oct 2008.   Abstract Link    Full Text

Abstract: Not Available

55.10.2    "IEEE Transactions on Industrial Electronics publication information," IEEE Trans. on Industrial Electronics, vol. 55, no. 10, pp. C2-C2, Oct 2008.   Abstract Link    Full Text

Abstract: Not Available

55.10.3    A. Boglietti, "Guest Editorial," IEEE Trans. on Industrial Electronics, vol. 55, no. 10, pp. 3498-3499, Oct 2008.   Abstract Link    Full Text

Abstract: Not Available


Special Section Papers
55.10.4    M. A. Valenzuela, J. A. Tapia, "Heat Transfer and Thermal Design of Finned Frames for TEFC Variable-Speed Motors," IEEE Trans. on Industrial Electronics, vol. 55, no. 10, pp. 3500-3508, Oct 2008.   Abstract Link    Full Text

Abstract: This paper addresses the evaluation of the heat transfer capability of a finned frame for different velocities of the cooling fan and different numbers and dimensions of the fins. As the heat transfer is highly dependent on the air speed and turbulence, separate evaluations are done in four axial sectors of four different frames. For each frame, each sector is thermally isolated and evenly heated by an internal cylindrical heater with controlled losses. The experimental results allow computing the local transfer coefficient on each axial sector in terms of the fin dimensions and cooling air velocity, and using these empirical coefficients, it is possible to evaluate the thermal capability of the frames and/or to compute the temperature gradient needed to dissipate certain losses. Based on these results, a simple and accurate method to size finned frames is proposed.

55.10.5    D. A. Staton, A. Cavagnino, "Convection Heat Transfer and Flow Calculations Suitable for Electric Machines Thermal Models," IEEE Trans. on Industrial Electronics, vol. 55, no. 10, pp. 3509-3516, Oct 2008.   Abstract Link    Full Text

Abstract: This paper deals with the formulations used to predict convection cooling and flow in electric machines. Empirical dimensionless analysis formulations are used to calculate convection heat transfer. The particular formulation used is selected to match the geometry of the surface under consideration and the cooling type used. Flow network analysis, which is used to study the ventilation inside the machine, is also presented. In order to focus the discussion using examples, a commercial software package dedicated to motor cooling optimization (Motor-CAD) is considered. This paper provides guidelines for choosing suitable thermal and flow network formulations and setting any calibration parameters used. It may also be considered a reference paper that brings together useful heat transfer and flow formulations that can be successfully applied to thermal analysis of electrical machines.

55.10.6    C. Micallef, S. J. Pickering, K. A. Simmons, K. J. Bradley, "Improved Cooling in the End Region of a Strip-Wound Totally Enclosed Fan-Cooled Induction Electric Machine," IEEE Trans. on Industrial Electronics, vol. 55, no. 10, pp. 3517-3524, Oct 2008.   Abstract Link    Full Text

Abstract: Computational fluid-dynamics modeling has been used to investigate the cooling of the end region of a two-pole strip-wound totally enclosed fan-cooled induction motor. The modeling is validated by experimental measurements. The changes in airflow and heat transfer that each configuration gives are discussed, and recommendations are made of features that can be used to achieve lower convective thermal resistance in the end region.

55.10.7    Z. Gao, R. S. Colby, T. G. Habetler, R. G. Harley, "A Model Reduction Perspective on Thermal Models for Induction Machine Overload Relays," IEEE Trans. on Industrial Electronics, vol. 55, no. 10, pp. 3525-3534, Oct 2008.   Abstract Link    Full Text

Abstract: Full-order thermal models are often used by machine designers to analyze the induction machine thermal behavior. The real-time implementation of such models for the purpose of motor thermal protection is difficult because an extensive knowledge on motors and sufficient computational resource are required. This paper demonstrates that full-order thermal models can be systematically reduced via pole-zero cancellation or Hankel singular-values-based model reduction techniques without additional physical assumptions. As a result, a system of a substantially lower dimension, which has nearly the same response characteristics in the frequency band of interest, is obtained. Both the estimated rotor cage temperature, which is extracted from the voltage and current measurements by a sensorless rotor temperature estimator, and the measured stator winding temperature are used to evaluate the performance of low-order thermal models. Given a certain tolerance for the modeling error, a reduced low-order thermal model can be used to characterize the thermal dynamics of a small- to medium-sized line-connected induction machine and to provide proper protection against motor overheating.

55.10.8    N. Jaljal, J.-F. Trigeol, P. Lagonotte, "Reduced Thermal Model of an Induction Machine for Real-Time Thermal Monitoring," IEEE Trans. on Industrial Electronics, vol. 55, no. 10, pp. 3535-3542, Oct 2008.   Abstract Link    Full Text

Abstract: An electric machine submitted to dissipations and a too high temperature can generate irreversible damage. A reduced thermal model allows us to monitor the critical points of the machine. The thermal modeling of the machine adopted here results from the association of two methods: a nodal approach which models the diffusion in the structure and a computational fluid dynamics (CFD) approach which characterizes the convective heat exchanges which operate in the end cavities. A methodology of reduction is proposed and applied to the thermal model of a 5.5-kW two-pole induction machine to obtain a reduced four-node model for real-time thermal monitoring.

55.10.9    J. Nerg, M. Rilla, J. Pyrhonen, "Thermal Analysis of Radial-Flux Electrical Machines With a High Power Density," IEEE Trans. on Industrial Electronics, vol. 55, no. 10, pp. 3543-3554, Oct 2008.   Abstract Link    Full Text

Abstract: A lumped-parameter-based thermal analysis applicable to radial-flux electrical machines with a high power density is presented. The modeling strategies using T-equivalent lumped-parameter blocks as well as conventionally defined thermal resistances are discussed. Special attention is paid to the modeling of the convective heat transfer in the air gap of radial-flux electrical machines at different rotational speeds. A brief overview of the evaluation of different loss components is given. The performance of the developed thermal model was verified by comparing the calculated temperature values with the measurements in three different applications.

55.10.10    C. Kral, A. Haumer, T. Bauml, "Thermal Model and Behavior of a Totally-Enclosed-Water-Cooled Squirrel-Cage Induction Machine for Traction Applications," IEEE Trans. on Industrial Electronics, vol. 55, no. 10, pp. 3555-3565, Oct 2008.   Abstract Link    Full Text

Abstract: A thermal model of a totally enclosed water-cooled induction machine is presented. The axially and radially discretized physical regions of the machine are modeled in the object-oriented language Modelica. Additionally, the water-cooling jacket is modeled. The parameters of the thermal network are derived from geometric, physical, and empirical data. The main focus of the presented highly extensible model was to achieve a good compromise between accuracy and simulation performance. Simulation and measurement results of a 6-kW prototype induction machine are presented and compared.

55.10.11    D. G. Dorrell, "Combined Thermal and Electromagnetic Analysis of Permanent-Magnet and Induction Machines to Aid Calculation," IEEE Trans. on Industrial Electronics, vol. 55, no. 10, pp. 3566-3574, Oct 2008.   Abstract Link    Full Text

Abstract: This paper reports on methods for the analysis of electrical machines by combined electromagnetic and thermal models using commercial software which can be an aid to the design of these machines. Examples using a brushless permanentmagnet motor and an induction motor illustrate the available tools and possible techniques. It reviews the different loss calculations, particularly iron losses, and also the thermal models that can be used, including steady state and transient (where thermal capacitances have to be included). This paper will be useful to an engineer in an industrial design office to illustrate the possibilities that are now possible.

55.10.12    L. Alberti, N. Bianchi, "A Coupled Thermal–Electromagnetic Analysis for a Rapid and Accurate Prediction of IM Performance," IEEE Trans. on Industrial Electronics, vol. 55, no. 10, pp. 3575-3582, Oct 2008.   Abstract Link    Full Text

Abstract: The design of electrical machines for extreme operating conditions must include a thermal analysis coupled with the magnetic analysis. However, the traditional coupling of the thermal and the magnetic models can result in an unacceptable increase in computation time, particularly if finite elements (FEs) are used for the machine analysis. This paper proposes a coupled thermal–magnetic analysis of an induction motor (IM) with the primary goal of achieving a rapid and accurate prediction of the IM performance. Only a minimum set of FE magnetic analyses is carried out so as to determine the parameters of the IM equivalent circuit. These parameters are nonlinear and are adjusted on the basis of the operating point. Then, this equivalent circuit is coupled with a lumped-parameter thermal network to predict the temperature in each part of the IM. Since both the equivalent circuit and thermal network solutions are analytic, the analysis converges very rapidly. At the same time, the FE analysis yields a precise estimation of the IM parameters used in the equivalent circuit. Some experimental results are reported, showing the accurate prediction of the proposed methodology.

55.10.13    C. Buccella, C. Cecati, F. de Monte, "A Coupled Electrothermal Model for Planar Transformer Temperature Distribution Computation," IEEE Trans. on Industrial Electronics, vol. 55, no. 10, pp. 3583-3590, Oct 2008.   Abstract Link    Full Text

Abstract: Planar transformers (PTs) are of particular interest in switching mode power supplies and, more generally, in power converter design. They provide enhanced performance, compactness, ruggedness, constant quality, and low cost. Their optimum performance can, however, only be obtained through an accurate design which accounts for both electromagnetic and thermal problems. For that reason, this paper proposes a new combined and accurate electrothermal model for PT design. First, the electrical model based on the eddy current equation is defined. A finite element method is applied to obtain the current density distributions. Second, a 1-D thermal model based on Green's function approach is developed to calculate the temperature distribution in the device. The results obtained using the proposed coupled model are compared with measurements. The comparison indicates a relatively good correlation between the results of our model and experimental data. An excellent agreement is however observed at early times.

55.10.14    F. Marignetti, V. Delli Colli, Y. Coia, "Design of Axial Flux PM Synchronous Machines Through 3-D Coupled Electromagnetic Thermal and Fluid-Dynamical Finite-Element Analysis," IEEE Trans. on Industrial Electronics, vol. 55, no. 10, pp. 3591-3601, Oct 2008.   Abstract Link    Full Text

Abstract: This paper investigates the thermal behavior of axial flux synchronous permanent-magnet machines (AFSPMMs) through a 3-D thermal–magnetic finite-element analysis (FEA). This paper offers a systematic approach to magnetothermal FEA. The considered axial flux machine is wound on a soft magnetic compound core. The computation of thermal field is performed via a coupled thermal and fluid-dynamical model based on FEA, where the thermal sources are obtained from a dc current flow model and a magnetostatic model. This paper includes an overview of the finite-element method (FEM) model implementation. Simulation results are presented, and, to validate the model, the simulated surface temperature rise of the motor parts is compared by experimental data.

55.10.15    A. Di Gerlando, G. Foglia, R. Perini, "Permanent Magnet Machines for Modulated Damping of Seismic Vibrations: Electrical and Thermal Modeling," IEEE Trans. on Industrial Electronics, vol. 55, no. 10, pp. 3602-3610, Oct 2008.   Abstract Link    Full Text

Abstract: Some electromagnetic and thermal aspects concerning special permanent magnet machines, employed in damping seismic oscillations in structural systems, are examined. The power generated by the machine during a seismic event is regulated by a suited converter and delivered to an external resistor. Some modeling features and selected simulations are examined, together with test results obtained by a prototype. Some special tests, aimed to identify the thermal parameters of the machines, are presented and discussed.

55.10.16    P. Zhang, B. Lu, T. G. Habetler, "A Remote and Sensorless Stator Winding Resistance Estimation Method for Thermal Protection of Soft-Starter-Connected Induction Machines," IEEE Trans. on Industrial Electronics, vol. 55, no. 10, pp. 3611-3618, Oct 2008.   Abstract Link    Full Text

Abstract: This paper proposes a remote and sensorless stator winding resistance estimation method for thermal protection of soft-starter-connected induction motors. By changing the gate drive signals of the thyristors in the soft starter, a small adjustable dc bias can be intermittently injected to the motor for the estimation of the stator winding resistance. Based on online and continuous monitoring of the stator winding resistance, the stator winding temperature can be monitored using only motor voltage and current. In addition, the torque pulsation caused by the injected dc bias is analyzed. It can also be controlled under an acceptable level by adjusting the level of the injected dc signal. The influence of cable resistance is also studied, and a compensation method is proposed. The proposed method has been verified by experimental results from two induction motors. The proposed stator resistance estimation method can provide remote, sensorless, and accurate thermal protection for soft-starter-connected induction motors.

55.10.17    A. Tenconi, F. Profumo, S. E. Bauer, M. D. Hennen, "Temperatures Evaluation in an Integrated Motor Drive for Traction Applications," IEEE Trans. on Industrial Electronics, vol. 55, no. 10, pp. 3619-3626, Oct 2008.   Abstract Link    Full Text

Abstract: The integrated propulsion motor is a drive designed for an individual self-driven container rail-platform wagon developed in the “Integrated Standard Transport Unit” research and development project, supported by the European Commission. This paper presents the study of the motor and the converter temperatures at rated and overload working conditions. The problem is afforded by combining the simulation (finite-element method and lumped-parameter models) and the experimental approaches. For this purpose, a dedicated experimental setup has been designed and realized.


Single-Phase Electronics
55.10.18    R. Ghosh, G. Narayanan, "A Simple Method to Improve the Dynamic Response of Single-Phase PWM Rectifiers," IEEE Trans. on Industrial Electronics, vol. 55, no. 10, pp. 3627-3634, Oct 2008.   Abstract Link    Full Text

Abstract: A single-phase boost rectifier system with conventional low-bandwidth voltage loop exhibits poor dynamic response. A simple method is presented to improve the dynamic response of the rectifier without affecting its steady-state performance. A fast voltage controller is used to improve the dynamic response of the rectifier. The increased low-frequency ripple at the output of the voltage controller is filtered out using a new filter. Design methodology for the voltage loop is presented. The filter is simple enough for analog and digital implementations. Low input current distortion, fast voltage-loop response, and improved dynamic response against line and load disturbances are demonstrated experimentally on a 300-W digitally controlled boost rectifier operating at a switching frequency of 100 kHz.

55.10.19    P. dos Santos Garcia Giacomini, J. S. Scholtz, M. Mezaroba, "Step-Up/Step-Down DC–DC ZVS PWM Converter With Active Clamping," IEEE Trans. on Industrial Electronics, vol. 55, no. 10, pp. 3635-3643, Oct 2008.   Abstract Link    Full Text

Abstract: This paper presents a regenerative step-up/step-down dc–dc zero-voltage-switching pulsewidth-modulation converter with active clamping. The switch losses are reduced due to the implementation of a simple active snubber circuit that provides soft commutation in all the switches of the converter. The theoretical analysis, basic equations, design methodology, and experimental results are shown in this paper. A control methodology to assure the output voltage regulation is also proposed. The main advantages of the proposed power converter are the small number of components, simplicity of the controller, robustness, small weight and size, and high efficiency.

55.10.20    S.-L. Jeng, Y.-C. Tung, "A Multicell Linear Power Amplifier for Driving Piezoelectric Loads," IEEE Trans. on Industrial Electronics, vol. 55, no. 10, pp. 3644-3652, Oct 2008.   Abstract Link    Full Text

Abstract: A multicell amplifier is developed by connecting floating signal modules in series to drive piezoelectric devices. The amplifier generates a high voltage gain by summing the individual module gains. The bandwidth equals that of a single module. The multicell amplifier provides a means of achieving high power and can divide the total power dissipation among the modules, because each module delivers the same output voltage and current. A prototype circuit that consists of six floating signal modules exhibits precise linear operation over a wide range of input frequencies and capacitive loads. The circuit provides a $pm$ 200-V output swing with a corner frequency of around 100 kHz at a driving capacitive load of 0.1 $muhbox{F}$. The slew rate is as high as 115 $hbox{V}/muhbox{s}$, and the maximum output current is $pm$2.6 A. The practicality and performance of the presented modular implementation concepts were verified by the close match between the simulated and experimental results.

55.10.21    C.-S. Moo, C.-K. Huang, C.-Y. Yang, "Acoustic-Resonance-Free High-Frequency Electronic Ballast for Metal Halide Lamps," IEEE Trans. on Industrial Electronics, vol. 55, no. 10, pp. 3653-3660, Oct 2008.   Abstract Link    Full Text

Abstract: To avoid the acoustic resonance on operating metal halide lamps, an autofrequency-searching method is implemented on the high-frequency electronic ballast. The proposed method allows the use of a high-frequency electronic ballast, making the ballast able to adjust the operating frequency automatically as soon as the acoustic resonance is detected and, consequently, to locate it at a stable frequency. The electronic ballast achieves a high efficiency and a high power density through the employment of a high-frequency resonant inverter with an embedded buck-boost converter for power-factor correction and lamp power regulation. The control strategy is realized by a microprocessor along with the acoustic-resonance detection circuit. The operation of autofrequency searching is illustrated by the experiments on an electronic ballast designed for 70-W metal halide lamps.

55.10.22    M. C. Trigg, C. V. Nayar, "DC Bus Compensation for a Sinusoidal Voltage-Source Inverter With Wave-Shaping Control," IEEE Trans. on Industrial Electronics, vol. 55, no. 10, pp. 3661-3669, Oct 2008.   Abstract Link    Full Text

Abstract: This paper presents a study on the effects of different parameters on the dc bus voltage of a single-phase voltage-controlled voltage-source inverter (VCVSI) with conventional load-voltage root-mean-square (rms) feedback control and a wave-shaping controller (WSC). It is shown that the load-voltage rms feedback control and the WSC require compensation for the fluctuations in the dc bus voltage caused by the battery and lead-wire resistance and the lead-wire inductance. The dc-bus-voltage compensation is shown to provide performance improvements, including better load-voltage regulation and less load-voltage distortion. The mathematical modeling, computer simulations, and experimental results based on a 2-kVA single-phase full-bridge VCVSI are presented.


Multiphase Systems
55.10.23    J. D. Barros, J. F. Silva, "Optimal Predictive Control of Three-Phase NPC Multilevel Converter for Power Quality Applications," IEEE Trans. on Industrial Electronics, vol. 55, no. 10, pp. 3670-3681, Oct 2008.   Abstract Link    Full Text

Abstract: This paper presents the optimal control of the ac currents, the dc voltage regulation, and the dc capacitor voltage balancing in a three-level three-phase neutral point clamped multilevel converter for use in power quality applications as an active power filter. The ac output currents and the dc capacitor voltages are sampled and predicted for the next sampling time using linearized models and considering all the 27 output voltage vectors. A suitable quadratic weighed cost function is used to choose the voltage vector that minimizes the ac current tracking errors, the dc voltage steady-state error, and the input dc capacitor voltage unbalancing. The obtained experimental results show that the output ac currents track their references showing small ripple, a total harmonic distortion (THD) of less than 1%, harmonic contents that are 46 dB below the fundamental, and almost no steady-state error (0.3%). The capacitor voltages are balanced within 0.05%, and the balancing is assured even when redundant vectors are not chosen. Near-perfect capacitor dc voltage balancing is obtained while reducing current harmonic distortion. Some experimental evidence of robustness concerning a parameter variation was also found, with the optimum controller withstanding parameter deviations from $+$100% to $-$50%. Compared to a robust sliding mode controller, the optimal controller can reduce the THD of the ac currents or reduce the switching frequency at the same THD, being a suitable controller for power quality in medium-voltage applications.

55.10.24    F. Locment, E. Semail, X. Kestelyn, "Vectorial Approach-Based Control of a Seven-Phase Axial Flux Machine Designed for Fault Operation," IEEE Trans. on Industrial Electronics, vol. 55, no. 10, pp. 3682-3691, Oct 2008.   Abstract Link    Full Text

Abstract: This paper deals with easy-to-implement control strategies when a seven-phase axial flux permanent magnet machine supplied by a seven-leg voltage source inverter is in fault operation mode. Using a vectorial multimachine description, a seven-phase machine presenting a heightened ability to be controlled with one or two open-circuited phases has been designed. The machine is first presented, and experimental results are provided when one or two phases are open circuited. Based on a vectorial approach, new current references are calculated to avoid high-torque ripples.


Renewable Energy Systems
55.10.25    L.-R. Chen, R. C. Hsu, C.-S. Liu, "A Design of a Grey-Predicted Li-Ion Battery Charge System," IEEE Trans. on Industrial Electronics, vol. 55, no. 10, pp. 3692-3701, Oct 2008.   Abstract Link    Full Text

Abstract: In this paper, we consider an Li-ion battery as a grey system. The grey prediction technique is then used to develop a grey-predicted Li-ion battery charge system (GP-LBCS). The proposed GP-LBCS is designed to replace the general constant-voltage (CV) mode using the GP mode to improve the Li-ion battery charge behavior. A GP algorithm is built in GP-LBCS to make the charge trajectories faster and safer. A 3-D Y-mesh diagram for describing the charge trajectories of the proposed GP-LBCS is simulated. A GP-LBCS prototype is designed and implemented to assess the charge performance. Experiments show that the charge speed and the charge efficiency of the proposed GP-LBCS, compared with the general constant-current–CV charge system, are increased above 23% and 1.6%, respectively. The charge speed and efficiency in the proposed GP mode are improved above 34% and 7%, respectively, compared with that in the general CV mode.

55.10.26    R.-J. Wai, C.-Y. Lin, R.-Y. Duan, Y.-R. Chang, "High-Efficiency Power Conversion System for Kilowatt-Level Stand-Alone Generation Unit With Low Input Voltage," IEEE Trans. on Industrial Electronics, vol. 55, no. 10, pp. 3702-3714, Oct 2008.   Abstract Link    Full Text

Abstract: This paper mainly focuses on the development of a high-efficiency power conversion system for kilowatt-level stand-alone generation units with a low output voltage, such as photovoltaic modules, fuel cells, and small-scale wind generators, and it aims at having the same output ac voltage, i.e., $110 hbox{V}_{rm rms}/break60 hbox{Hz}$ as the utility power for the utilization of a stand-alone power supply. This high-efficiency power conversion system includes one high-efficiency high-step-up dc–dc converter and one soft-switching dc–ac current-source inverter. This dc–dc converter is capable of solving the voltage spike problem while the switch is turned off, and it can achieve the objectives of high efficiency and high voltage gain. Because the techniques of soft switching and voltage clamping are used in the dc–ac current-source inverter, the conversion efficiency could greatly be improved. The effectiveness of the designed circuits is verified by experimentation, and the maximum efficiency of the entire high-efficiency power conversion system is over 91% based on the experimental measurements.


Robotics and Mechatronics
55.10.27    R. C. Luo, J. H. Tzou, "Development of an LCD-Photomask-Based Desktop Manufacturing System," IEEE Trans. on Industrial Electronics, vol. 55, no. 10, pp. 3715-3723, Oct 2008.   Abstract Link    Full Text

Abstract: A liquid crystal display (LCD)-photomask-based desktop manufacturing system that includes software and hardware configuration is described. The software design includes a slicing algorithm, an LCD photomask display, a process–user interface, and a motion control program. The bucket-sorting algorithm is used in the slicing preprocessing for search speed enhancement. The slicing time ratio can be reduced to nearly 25% with five buckets. The hardware configuration of this architecture includes an LCD photomask, an optical system, a $z$-axis elevator, and a personal-computer-based control system. The matrix optics assists the optical system design of the proposed RP machine. After the slicing process, a cross-sectional contour of each layer is transferred to the LCD photomask. The optical system emits parallel light upward through the photomask to expose and solidify the entire layer at once. This visible light can expose and solidify an entire layer at once, layer by layer, until the whole part is finished. We have physically demonstrated the complete system, including hardware and software implementation, and the experimental results are as what was expected and are described here.

55.10.28    L. Marton, A. S. Hodel, B. Lantos, J. Y. Hung, "Underactuated Robot Control: Comparing LQR, Subspace Stabilization, and Combined Error Metric Approaches," IEEE Trans. on Industrial Electronics, vol. 55, no. 10, pp. 3724-3730, Oct 2008.   Abstract Link    Full Text

Abstract: In this paper, three techniques for robust control of underactuated robots are experimentally compared on the classical ball and beam system. An adaptive tracking controller is first designed and implemented to identify the nominal friction characteristic. Then, designs for a linear quadratic regulator (LQR), subspace stabilization controller, and combined error metric controller are presented. Step response tests confirm that both nonlinear approaches exhibit better stability properties than the standard LQR design. In addition, the subspace stabilization approach permits a much more aggressive beam motion, resulting in shorter settling time with excellent control of overshoot.

55.10.29    Y. Motai, A. Kosaka, "Hand–Eye Calibration Applied to Viewpoint Selection for Robotic Vision," IEEE Trans. on Industrial Electronics, vol. 55, no. 10, pp. 3731-3741, Oct 2008.   Abstract Link    Full Text

Abstract: Viewpoint calibration is a method to manipulate hand–eye for generating calibration parameters for active viewpoint control and object grasping. In robot vision applications, accurate vision sensor calibration and robust vision-based robot control are essential for developing an intelligent and autonomous robotic system. This paper presents a new approach to hand–eye robotic calibration for vision-based object modeling and grasping. Our method provides a 1.0-pixel level of image registration accuracy when a standard Puma/Kawasaki robot generates an arbitrary viewpoint. To attain this accuracy, our new formalism of hand–eye calibration deals with a lens distortion model of a vision sensor. Our most distinguished approach of optimizing intrinsic parameters is to utilize a new parameter estimation algorithm using an extended Kalman filter. Most previous approaches did not even consider the optimal estimates of the intrinsic and extrinsic camera parameters, or chose one of the estimates obtained from multiple solutions, which caused a large amount of estimation error in hand–eye calibration. We demonstrate the power of this new method for: 1) generating 3-D object models using an interactive 3-D modeling editor; 2) recognizing 3-D objects using stereovision systems; and 3) grasping 3-D objects using a manipulator. Experimental results using Puma and Kawasaki robots are shown.


Motors and Actuators
55.10.30    A. G. Espinosa, J.-R. R. Ruiz, J. Cusido, X. A. Morera, "Sensorless Control and Fault Diagnosis of Electromechanical Contactors," IEEE Trans. on Industrial Electronics, vol. 55, no. 10, pp. 3742-3750, Oct 2008.   Abstract Link    Full Text

Abstract: This paper describes a novel algorithm for a closed-loop sensorless control of electromagnetic devices. It integrates a novel fault diagnosis algorithm of the whole electromagnetic circuit. Applied to a contactor with a dc core, it eliminates the armature and contact bounce, whether it is ac or dc powered and at either 50 or 60 Hz. The position and velocity of the moving armature and contacts are calculated by means of the online determination of the inductance using only the measured current and voltage values of the contactor coil as control inputs. A fuzzy controller takes the position and velocity of the armature as input and provides the current set point as output, which controls the velocity of closure of the contacts. The algorithm has been implemented in a low-cost electronic module.


Drive Control
55.10.31    T. Atsumi, A. Okuyama, S. Nakagawa, "Vibration Control Above the Nyquist Frequency in Hard Disk Drives," IEEE Trans. on Industrial Electronics, vol. 55, no. 10, pp. 3751-3757, Oct 2008.   Abstract Link    Full Text

Abstract: In conventional hard disk drives, a control system compensates for the mechanical resonance above the Nyquist frequency by using sampled-data control theories or multirate control techniques. However, such a control system can only avoid instability and cannot suppress disturbances above the Nyquist frequency. In response to this problem, a control system design method that suppresses disturbances beyond the Nyquist frequency is proposed. This method uses the frequency responses of a controlled object and a digital controller to calculate the gain of the sensitivity function in a sampled-data system without requiring complex calculations involving matrices. When the method was applied to the head-positioning system of a hard disk drive, the experimental results showed that the control system suppressed disturbances that had the frequencies higher than the Nyquist frequency.

55.10.32    B. Castillo-Toledo, S. Di Gennaro, A. G. Loukianov, J. Rivera, "Hybrid Control of Induction Motors via Sampled Closed Representations," IEEE Trans. on Industrial Electronics, vol. 55, no. 10, pp. 3758-3771, Oct 2008.   Abstract Link    Full Text

Abstract: In this paper, a controller for induction motors is proposed. A continuous feedback is first applied to obtain a discrete-time model in closed form. Then, on the basis of these exact sampled dynamics, a discrete-time controller ensuring speed and flux modulus reference tracking is determined, making use of the sliding mode technique. The resulting controller is hence hybrid, in the sense that it contains both continuous and discrete-time terms. It is shown how to implement such a hybrid controller using the so-called exponential holder, which is the only device to be implemented analogically, together with an analog integrator. Moreover, a discrete-time reduced-order observer is designed for rotor fluxes and load torque estimation. The performance of the proposed controller is finally studied by simulation and experimental tests.

55.10.33    N. Patin, L. Vido, E. Monmasson, J.-P. Louis, M. Gabsi, M. Lecrivain, "Control of a Hybrid Excitation Synchronous Generator for Aircraft Applications," IEEE Trans. on Industrial Electronics, vol. 55, no. 10, pp. 3772-3783, Oct 2008.   Abstract Link    Full Text

Abstract: This paper deals with the control of a hybrid excitation synchronous generator which is used to supply an isolated grid for aircraft applications. This grid is supposed to be a 270-V dc bus. Thus, a rectifier is required between the machine and the dc bus. A diode rectifier is preferred here due to its great reliability and because it is also a low-cost solution. A controller is then proposed in order to regulate the output dc voltage of the generator. It is finally validated by simulations and experimental results.


Signal Processing and Control
55.10.34    B. M. Wilamowski, N. J. Cotton, O. Kaynak, G. Dundar, "Computing Gradient Vector and Jacobian Matrix in Arbitrarily Connected Neural Networks," IEEE Trans. on Industrial Electronics, vol. 55, no. 10, pp. 3784-3790, Oct 2008.   Abstract Link    Full Text

Abstract: This paper describes a new algorithm with neuronby-neuron computation methods for the gradient vector and the Jacobian matrix. The algorithm can handle networks with arbitrarily connected neurons. The training speed is comparable with the Levenberg–Marquardt algorithm, which is currently considered by many as the fastest algorithm for neural network training. More importantly, it is shown that the computation of the Jacobian, which is required for second-order algorithms, has a similar computation complexity as the computation of the gradient for first-order learning methods. This new algorithm is implemented in the newly developed software, Neural Network Trainer, which has unique capabilities of handling arbitrarily connected networks. These networks with connections across layers can be more efficient than commonly used multilayer perceptron networks.


Emerging Technology
55.10.35    C.-Y. Wu, T.-F. Wu, J.-R. Tsai, Y.-M. Chen, C.-C. Chen, "Multistring LED Backlight Driving System for LCD Panels With Color Sequential Display and Area Control," IEEE Trans. on Industrial Electronics, vol. 55, no. 10, pp. 3791-3800, Oct 2008.   Abstract Link    Full Text

Abstract: In this paper, a multistring light-emitting diode (LED) backlight driving system for liquid crystal display (LCD) panels with color sequential display (CSD) and area control is proposed. In large-scale LCD panels, multistring LED backlights are required to provide sufficient back lighting. The most popular structure to achieve multistring current regulation is a current mirror. However, it cannot be applied to high-power LED ( $≫$100 mA) driving, and the number of LEDs in each string is highly limited. In the driving system, a multioutput flyback converter associated with a novel control IC is proposed to tightly regulate LED driving currents and to readily achieve CSD and area control. The proposed driving system for a 32-in LCD panel has been built, from which experimental measurements have verified that the proposed driving system has the following features: low power consumption, high power conversion efficiency, stable driving currents, and high reliability.

55.10.36    "Call for papers-energy harvesting," IEEE Trans. on Industrial Electronics, vol. 55, no. 10, pp. 3801-3801, Oct 2008.   Abstract Link    Full Text

Abstract: Not Available

55.10.37    "Have you visited lately? www.ieee.org," IEEE Trans. on Industrial Electronics, vol. 55, no. 10, pp. 3802-3802, Oct 2008.   Abstract Link    Full Text

Abstract: Not Available

55.10.38    "Scitopia.org," IEEE Trans. on Industrial Electronics, vol. 55, no. 10, pp. 3803-3803, Oct 2008.   Abstract Link    Full Text

Abstract: Not Available

55.10.39    "Why we joined ...," IEEE Trans. on Industrial Electronics, vol. 55, no. 10, pp. 3804-3804, Oct 2008.   Abstract Link    Full Text

Abstract: Not Available

55.10.40    "IEEE Industrial Electronics Society Information," IEEE Trans. on Industrial Electronics, vol. 55, no. 10, pp. C3-C3, Oct 2008.   Abstract Link    Full Text

Abstract: Not Available

55.10.41    "IEEE Transactions on Industrial Electronics information for authors," IEEE Trans. on Industrial Electronics, vol. 55, no. 10, pp. C4-C4, Oct 2008.   Abstract Link    Full Text

Abstract: Not Available