IEEE Transactions on Industrial Electronics

Volume 53, Number 3, June 2006 Access to the journal on IEEE XPLORE IE Transactions Home Page

Power Electronics

53.3.1	A. Bendre, G. Venkataramanan, D. Rosene, V. Srinivasan, "Modeling and design of a neutral-point voltage regulator for a three-level diode-clamped inverter using multiple-carrier modulation," IEEE Trans. on Industrial Electronics, vol. 53, no. 3, pp. 718- 726, June 2006. Abstract Link Full Text Abstract: The three-level diode-clamped multilevel converter commonly called the neutral-point-clamped converter has become established to be a preferred topology for high-power motor drive applications operating at several kilovolts. Although solutions to the problem of maintaining a stable neutral-point voltage in the converter continue to be the topic of research, a simple solution based on a design-oriented dynamic model of the system is not widely known. This paper presents the design, analysis, and implementation of a simple neutral-point voltage regulator for a three-level diode-clamped multilevel inverter, which uses a multiple-carrier sine-triangle modulator in conjunction with a closed-loop controller for neutral-point regulation. Redundant state choices are controlled via a continuous offset voltage that regulates the dc injection into the midpoint of the dc bus. A small-signal transfer function is developed in closed form, for neutral-point regulation, with the voltage offset as the control variable. Besides maintaining dc-bus voltage balance, the use of the approach leads to a significant reduction in the voltage distortion at the neutral point, allowing a definitive reduction in the required dc bus capacitance. Analytical, computer simulation, and experimental results verifying the approach are presented in this paper.
53.3.2	Xiangning He, A. Chen, Hongyang Wu, Yan Deng, Rongxiang Zhao, "Simple passive lossless snubber for high-power multilevel inverters," IEEE Trans. on Industrial Electronics, vol. 53, no. 3, pp. 727- 735, June 2006. Abstract Link Full Text Abstract: A passive lossless snubber circuit for multilevel inverters is proposed in this paper. The topology is simple and requires no extra control circuit. In order to reduce the high-voltage stress on power switches with this snubber circuit, an improved snubber circuit is presented by adding separate low-power direct current voltage sources into the original one. The operating principles and design considerations are described in detail in this paper. A prototype of a three-phase three-level diode-clamped inverter with the improved passive lossless snubber is built and tested. The simulation and experimental results indicate that not only can it realize the soft switching operation of the three-level inverter with low-voltage stress but also the topology and the control are simple.
53.3.3	Jih-Sheng Lai, Xudong Huang, E. Pepa, Shaotang Chen, T.W. Nehl, "Inverter EMI modeling and simulation methodologies," IEEE Trans. on Industrial Electronics, vol. 53, no. 3, pp. 736- 744, June 2006. Abstract Link Full Text Abstract: A numerical prediction of electromagnetic interference (EMI) allows evaluation of EMI performances at the design stage and before prototyping. It can also help reduce the post-prototype electromagnetic compatibility cost by minimizing late redesign and modifications of a drive implementation. This paper describes two simulation approaches with time- and frequency-domain simulations and verifies them with experimental results. Both time- and frequency-domain simulation approaches are found effective as long as the noise source and propagation path are properly modeled. The three-dimensional (3-D) finite-element-analysis (FEA)-based parasitic parameter extraction tool-Ansoft Spicelink has been used substantially. To gain additional degree of confidence, the results obtained from FEA are verified with closed-form solutions and actual measurements.
53.3.4	S. Lineykin, S. Ben-Yaakov, "Unified SPICE compatible model for large and small-signal envelope simulation of linear circuits excited by modulated signals," IEEE Trans. on Industrial Electronics, vol. 53, no. 3, pp. 745- 751, June 2006. Abstract Link Full Text Abstract: The envelope-simulation method, developed earlier for large-signal simulation [time domain (TRAN)] is extended to include small-signal envelope simulation (ac) and dc sweep simulation (steady state for a range of carrier frequencies). The model is derived for amplitude modulation (AM), frequency modulation (FM), and phase modulation (PM) modulation schemes and is demonstrated on a piezoelectric transformer circuit. The model is based on the equivalent circuit approach and can be run on any modern electronic circuit simulator. An excellent agreement was found between the simulation results according to the new unified envelope model, full simulation, and experimental results.
53.3.5	A.I. Maswood, Zee Kum Yoong, "Design aspects of a switch-mode transformer under wide input voltage variation," IEEE Trans. on Industrial Electronics, vol. 53, no. 3, pp. 752- 758, June 2006. Abstract Link Full Text Abstract: Proposed is a discrete switch-mode fly-back power supply that combines part of its resonance topology into its switch-mode transformer (SMT). The resonant action is generated by the snubber circuit, and an expensive tank circuit is avoided. The "minimum switch on" circuit from the proposed SMT primary and lower auxiliary winding is designed in such a way that it provides a delay of half-resonant cycle before the driver circuit switches on the biasing circuit. This paper presents some practical design aspects of a series of SMTs intended to be used in developed and developing countries where the ac mains voltage is expected to fluctuate from very narrow to wide ranges, respectively.
53.3.6	Qi Feng, R.M. Nelms, J.Y. Hung, "Posicast-based digital control of the buck converter," IEEE Trans. on Industrial Electronics, vol. 53, no. 3, pp. 759- 767, June 2006. Abstract Link Full Text Abstract: The analysis, design, and microcontroller-based implementation of a digital controller using a Posicast element are presented for the buck converter. Posicast is a feedforward compensator that eliminates overshoot in system response, but the traditional approach is sensitive to variations in natural frequency. The new method described here reduces the undesirable sensitivity by using Posicast within a feedback loop. Compared to classical proportional-integral-derivative (PID) control, the new control results in lower noise in the control signal because the controller has a lower gain at high frequency. Furthermore, the authors' experiments indicate that the new controller is less sensitive to the inherent time delay associated with a digital controller for a dc-dc converter. The authors present a straightforward method to design controller parameters from the small-signal averaged model of the converter dynamics. Experimental results for a PID-controlled converter and Posicast-type controller are also compared.
53.3.7	Chien-Ming Wang, "New family of zero-current-switching PWM converters using a new zero-current-switching PWM auxiliary circuit," IEEE Trans. on Industrial Electronics, vol. 53, no. 3, pp. 768- 777, June 2006. Abstract Link Full Text Abstract: A new family of zero-current-switching (ZCS) pulsewidth-modulation (PWM) converters using a new ZCS-PWM auxiliary circuit is presented in this paper. The main switch and auxiliary switch operate at ZCS turn-on and turn-off, and the all-passive semiconductor devices in the ZCS-PWM converters operate at zero-voltage-switching (ZVS) turn-on and turn-off. Besides operating at constant frequency and reducing commutation losses, these new converters have no additional current stress and conduction loss in the main switch in comparison to the hard-switching converter counterpart. The PWM switch model and state-space averaging approach is used to estimate and examine the steady-state and dynamic character of the system. The new family of ZCS-PWM converters is suitable for high-power applications using insulated gate bipolar transistors (IGBTs). The principle of operation, theoretical analysis, and experimental results of the new ZCS-PWM boost converter, rated 1.6 kW and operating at 30 kHz, are provided in this paper to verify the performance of this new family of converters. Drive Control
53.3.8	M. Bertoluzzo, G. Buja, R. Menis, "Direct torque control of an induction motor using a single current sensor," IEEE Trans. on Industrial Electronics, vol. 53, no. 3, pp. 778- 784, June 2006. Abstract Link Full Text Abstract: A novel scheme for the direct torque control (DTC) of an induction motor (IM) is proposed, which uses a single sensor of current inserted in the inverter dc link. The rationale behind the proposal is to develop a low-cost but high performance IM drive. The scheme exploits a simple and robust algorithm to reconstruct the stator currents needed to estimate the motor flux and torque. The algorithm operates in two stages: first, it predicts the stator currents from a model of the motor and then adjusts the prediction on the basis of the sensed dc-link current. Experimental results are given to demonstrate the ability of the scheme in reproducing the performance of a traditional DTC IM drive.
53.3.9	C. Lascu, G.-D. Andreescu, "Sliding-mode observer and improved integrator with DC-offset compensation for flux estimation in sensorless-controlled induction motors," IEEE Trans. on Industrial Electronics, vol. 53, no. 3, pp. 785- 794, June 2006. Abstract Link Full Text Abstract: Two flux observers for wide speed range direct torque control (DTC) of sensorless induction-motor drives are presented and compared. The first one is a full-order sliding-mode observer with proportional plus integral (PI) compensation, without rotor speed adaptation. The second one is based on a zero phase-delay-improved integrator of the voltage model, which uses only a PI flux amplitude control with stator-flux reference magnitude in the correction loop. In both cases, an estimated dc offset is built up and memorized by the PI integral component and this totally compensates for all dc offsets and drifts originated in the acquisition channels. Two feasible solutions for on-line stator-resistance identification are proposed. Simulation and experimental results prove the accuracy, robustness, and high-dynamic performance of both observers when employed in sensorless DTC drives. The effectiveness of state estimation is confirmed by a steady state and transient sensorless operation at very low speed with rated load torque and step-speed reversal.
53.3.10	K. Ohishi, E. Hayasaka, T. Nagano, M. Harakawa, T. Kanmachi, "High-performance speed servo system considering Voltage saturation of a vector-controlled induction motor," IEEE Trans. on Industrial Electronics, vol. 53, no. 3, pp. 795- 802, June 2006. Abstract Link Full Text Abstract: Generally, a speed servo system of a vector-controlled induction motor has limitations of motor voltage and current. When the speed servo system has a large torque reference, the output of its PI controller is often saturated. In this case, the conventional servo system stops the integral calculation of its PI controller. However, this system often has a large overshoot and/or an oscillated response caused by both a windup phenomenon and phase error on the vector control condition. This paper proposes a new speed servo system considering voltage saturation for the vector-controlled induction motor. The proposed control method compensates the phase error on vector control condition quickly, and always keeps the vector control condition. The experimental results show that the proposed system well regulates the motor speed and the secondary magnetic flux for a large torque reference without a windup phenomenon.
53.3.11	N. Mutoh, T. Kazama, K. Takita, "Driving characteristics of an electric vehicle system with independently driven front and rear wheels," IEEE Trans. on Industrial Electronics, vol. 53, no. 3, pp. 803- 813, June 2006. Abstract Link Full Text Abstract: A new type of electric vehicle drive system, which has independently driven front and rear wheels, is proposed. This structure can distribute the driving and braking torque according to running and load conditions, and provides a fail-safe effect. Moreover, it is possible to improve drivability, steering ability, and stability while running and braking by arranging a permanent magnet synchronous motor and an induction motor for driving the front and rear wheels, respectively. These are important functions for an urban car to easily cope with common situations such as traffic jams and starting and stopping operations, and the special situation of failure of the motor drive system while running on city routes. The functions are verified through simulations and experiments with the bench test equipment equivalent to the actual system.
53.3.12	Ming Cheng, Qiang Sun, E. Zhou, "New self-tuning fuzzy PI control of a novel doubly salient permanent-magnet motor drive," IEEE Trans. on Industrial Electronics, vol. 53, no. 3, pp. 814- 821, June 2006. Abstract Link Full Text Abstract: In a doubly salient permanent-magnet (DSPM) motor drive, it is difficult to get satisfied control characteristics by using a normal linear proportional plus integral (PI) controller due to the high nonlinearity between speed and current or torque. Hence, a new self-tuning fuzzy PI controller with conditional integral, which is performed by a single-chip N87C196KD, is proposed. The initial parameters of the controller are optimized by using genetic arithmetic. Simulation and experiments on the newly proposed 8/6-pole DSPM machine have shown that the proposed new self-tuning fuzzy PI controller offers better adaptability than the normal linear PI control and that the developed motor drive offers better steady-state and dynamic performances.
53.3.13	M. Aydin, Surong Huang, T.A. Lipo, "Torque quality and comparison of internal and external rotor axial flux surface-magnet disc machines," IEEE Trans. on Industrial Electronics, vol. 53, no. 3, pp. 822- 830, June 2006. Abstract Link Full Text Abstract: In this paper, pulsating torque components of permanent magnet machines and pulsating torque minimization techniques are discussed for axial flux surface-magnet disc-type PM machines. The pulsating torque analysis describing general instantaneous electromagnetic torque equation and torque ripple factor is briefly provided in order to analyze torque ripple component. Detailed finite-element analyses focusing on the minimization of cogging and torque ripple components using several techniques are also given. A detailed comparison of the two techniques is also illustrated in this paper.
53.3.14	Kuo-Tsai Chang, M. Ouyang, "Rotary ultrasonic motor driven by a disk-shaped ultrasonic actuator," IEEE Trans. on Industrial Electronics, vol. 53, no. 3, pp. 831- 837, June 2006. Abstract Link Full Text Abstract: A rotary ultrasonic motor, including a disk-shaped ultrasonic actuator and a rotor, is developed, and the characteristics of the motor, including speeds, torques, output powers, and efficiencies, against various preload forces, voltages, and frequencies are investigated. The actuator is developed on a thin piezoelectric buzzer with three fixed screws and driven by a single-phase electrical power source. Here, the buzzer is composed of a nickel-alloy disk and a piezoceramic disk, and the screws are individually arranged at 90/spl deg/, 120/spl deg/, and 150/spl deg/ arc locations on the nickel-alloy disk. An optimal driving point of the actuator for driving the rotor in both clockwise (CW) and counterclockwise (CCW) directions is located at a point on the 90/spl deg/ arc edge region, and the CW and CCW directions are controlled by the frequency of the electrical power source. In doing so, the principle, construction, and driving mechanism of the actuator are first expressed. Then, the principle is verified according to vibration mode analysis with ANSYS simulation. The ANSYS simulation concerns the numerical model, structure, and mesh analysis as well. Moreover, a driving and measuring system, including an ac power supply system and a system that measures speed and twist forces, is constructed to evaluate the performance of the actuator and motor.
53.3.15	K. Ohishi, T. Miyazaki, K. Inomata, H. Yanagisawa, D. Koide, H. Tokumaru, "Robust tracking servo system considering force disturbance for the optical disk recording system," IEEE Trans. on Industrial Electronics, vol. 53, no. 3, pp. 838- 847, June 2006. Abstract Link Full Text Abstract: This paper proposes a new robust tracking servo system for the optical disk recording system with feedforward controller based on the prediction of the tracking error. In optical recording systems, the feedback servo system must suppress the influence of force disturbance and parameter variation. To overcome this problem, this paper designs the robust feedback control system by using coprime factorization and disturbance observer. The detecting signal of the optical disk recording system is only a tracking error. Hence, the feedforward controller of the proposed tracking control system is constructed based on both the "zero-phase-error tracking" control theory and the prediction of the tracking error. The experimental results point out that the proposed tracking servo system has a quick and precise tracking response and keeps the residual tracking error below its tolerance.
53.3.16	Jin-Woo Ahn, Sung-Jun Park, Dong-Hee Lee, "Novel encoder for switching angle control of SRM," IEEE Trans. on Industrial Electronics, vol. 53, no. 3, pp. 848- 854, June 2006. Abstract Link Full Text Abstract: In a switched reluctance motor drive, it is important to synchronize the stator phase excitation with rotor position because the position of the rotor is an essential information. Although high-resolution optical encoders or resolvers are used to provide precise position information, these sensors are expensive. Moreover, in a high-speed region, switching angles are fluctuated back and forth out of the preset value, which is caused by the sampling period of the microprocessor. In this paper, a low-cost analog encoder suitable for practical applications is proposed. In addition, the control algorithm to generate switching signals using a simple digital logic is presented. The validity of the proposed analog encoder with a proper logic controller is verified from the experiments. Signal Processing and Control
53.3.17	F. Piazza, S. Squartini, R. Toppi, M. Navarri, M. Pontillo, F. Bettarelli, A. Lattanzi, "Industry-oriented software-based system for quality evaluation of vehicle audio environments," IEEE Trans. on Industrial Electronics, vol. 53, no. 3, pp. 855- 866, June 2006. Abstract Link Full Text Abstract: A new set of integrated software tools are proposed for the evaluation of vehicle audio quality for industrial purposes, taking advantage of the auralization approach that allows to simulate the binaural listening experience outside the cockpit. Two main cooperating tools are implemented. The first fulfills the function of acquiring relevant data for system modeling and for canceling the undesired effects of the acquisition chain. The second offers a user-friendly interface for real-time simulation of different car audio systems and the consequent evaluation of both objective and subjective performances. In the latter case, the listening procedure is directly experienced at the PC workplace, leading to a significant simplification of the audio-quality assessing task for comparing the selected systems. Moreover, such kind of subjective evaluation allowed to validate the proposed approach through a complete set of experiments (developed by means of a dedicated software environment) based on appropriate ITU recommendations.
53.3.18	Jinn-Tsong Tsai, Jyh-Horng Chou, Tung-Kuan Liu, "Optimal design of digital IIR filters by using hybrid taguchi genetic algorithm," IEEE Trans. on Industrial Electronics, vol. 53, no. 3, pp. 867- 879, June 2006. Abstract Link Full Text Abstract: A hybrid Taguchi genetic algorithm (HTGA) is applied in this paper to solve the problem of designing optimal digital infinite-impulse response (IIR) filters. The HTGA approach is a method of combining the traditional GA (TGA), which has a powerful global exploration capability, with the Taguchi method, which can exploit the optimum offspring. The Taguchi method is inserted between crossover and mutation operations of a TGA. Based on minimizing the L/sub p/-norm approximation error and minimizing the ripple magnitudes of both passband and stopband, a multicriterion combination is employed as the design criterion to obtain the optimal IIR filter that can fit different performance requirements. The proposed HTGA approach is effectively applied to solve the multiparameter and multicriterion optimization problems of designing the digital low-pass (LP), high-pass (HP), bandpass (BP), and bandstop (BS) filters. In these studied problems, there are many parameters and numerous local optima so that these studied problems are challenging enough for evaluating the performances of any proposed GA-based approaches. The computational experiments show that the proposed HTGA approach can obtain better digital IIR filters than the existing GA-based method reported recently in the literature.
53.3.19	G. Grandi, M. Landini, "Magnetic-field transducer based on closed-loop operation of magnetic sensors," IEEE Trans. on Industrial Electronics, vol. 53, no. 3, pp. 880- 885, June 2006. Abstract Link Full Text Abstract: A high-sensitivity magnetic transducer able to sense magnetic fields from dc up to tens of kilohertz is analyzed in this paper. The system is based on a ing field coil fed by a current on the basis of the residual field, sensed by a magnetic sensor (Hall or magnetoresistive) placed in the coil center. In this way, the coil current proportionally represents the external field component along the coil axis, and it can be easily converted in a voltage signal by a series resistor. Then, a one-axis Gauss meter can be readily obtained. The sensitivity and the bandwidth of the overall system are discussed by a transfer function analysis. A hardware prototype has been realized, and significant test results are shown by means of a reference magnetic-field-generation setup. Useful guidelines for the overall system design are given.
53.3.20	S. Goto, M. Nakamura, "Multidimensional feedforward compensator for industrial systems through pole assignment regulator and observer," IEEE Trans. on Industrial Electronics, vol. 53, no. 3, pp. 886- 894, June 2006. Abstract Link Full Text Abstract: A feedforward-compensator-design technique is presented for industrial control systems. The proposed feedforward compensator can improve dynamic characteristics of multidimensional systems by modifying the input signals. The multidimensional feedforward-compensator design is based on the pole assignment regulator, the minimal-order observer, and the conversion from a closed-loop system to an open-loop system. The effectiveness of the proposed feedforward compensator is demonstrated by a simulation study of temperature control of a thermal power plant and by experiments of the contour control of an articulated robot arm.
53.3.21	P. Baranyi, Yeung Yam, "Case study of the TP-model transformation in the control of a complex dynamic model with structural nonlinearity," IEEE Trans. on Industrial Electronics, vol. 53, no. 3, pp. 895- 904, June 2006. Abstract Link Full Text Abstract: The main objective of this paper is to study and validate the effectiveness of the tensor-product (TP)-model transformation in a state-dependent nonlinear controller design for a prototypical aeroelastic system that exhibits a variety of control phenomena such as limit cycle oscillation, flutter, and even chaotic vibrations. In this paper, the TP-model transformation is applied to transform the identified analytic model of the prototypical aeroelastic system to TP-model form whereupon linear matrix inequality-based controller-design theorems, within the parallel-distributed-compensation (PDC) frameworks, can be immediately executed. Numerical simulations are used to provide empirical validation of the control results. The effectiveness of the controller design is compared to the former approaches.
53.3.22	Hsin-Febg Shieh, Faa-Jeng Lin, Po-Kai Huang, Li-Tao Teng, "Adaptive displacement control with hysteresis modeling for piezoactuated positioning mechanism," IEEE Trans. on Industrial Electronics, vol. 53, no. 3, pp. 905- 914, June 2006. Abstract Link Full Text Abstract: An adaptive displacement control with hysteresis modeling for a piezoactuated positioning mechanism is proposed in this paper because the dynamic performance of piezosystems is often severely deteriorated due to the hysteresis effect of piezoelectric elements. First, a new mathematical model based on the differential equation of a motion system with a parameterized hysteretic friction function is proposed to represent the dynamics of motion of the piezopositioning mechanism. As a result, the mathematical model describes a motion system with hysteresis behavior due to the hysteretic friction. Then, by using the developed mathematical model, the adaptive displacement tracking control with the adaptation algorithms of the parameterized hysteretic function and of an uncertain parameter is proposed. By using the proposed control approach on the displacement control of the piezopositioning mechanism, the advantages of the asymptotical stability in displacement tracking, high-performance displacement response, and robustness to the variations of system parameters and disturbance load can be provided. Finally, experimental results are illustrated to validate the proposed control approach for practical applications.
53.3.23	T. Aono, T. Kowatari, "Throttle-control algorithm for improving engine response based on air-intake model and throttle-response model," IEEE Trans. on Industrial Electronics, vol. 53, no. 3, pp. 915- 921, June 2006. Abstract Link Full Text Abstract: An electric-throttle-control actuator (ETC) is a device for control of the air mass flow to an engine cylinder. As adaptive-cruise-control and direct-fuel-injection systems become popular, the market of ETC has become larger. The ETC is controlled so that the engine torque follows the target value. Between the change of the control signal to the ETC and the engine-torque response, two delays exist-the delay in the throttle response and manifold filling. These delays must be compensated to improve the engine response. In this paper, a throttle-control algorithm for improving engine response is proposed. This algorithm compensates these two delays based on the response model. The response of the manifold pressure was experimented in two cases, when the ETC was controlled by a step input and when the throttle was controlled by the developed algorithm. The experimental results show that the rise time of the manifold pressure response decreased to one-tenth by the developed algorithm. Because the engine torque is proportional to the manifold pressure, it can be concluded that the torque response improved by compensating the two delay factors. Robotics and Vision
53.3.24	S. Katsura, Y. Matsumoto, K. Ohnishi, "Analysis and experimental validation of force bandwidth for force control," IEEE Trans. on Industrial Electronics, vol. 53, no. 3, pp. 922- 928, June 2006. Abstract Link Full Text Abstract: Controlling robots in contact with the environment is an important problem in industry applications. In the conventional force control, much research has paid attention to develop novel force control systems and implemented force sensors to detect external force. This paper shows that narrow bandwidth of force sensor has a big influence on the force control system. Generally, to solve the instability in force control, the velocity feedback gain is enlarged. The system becomes unstable with small velocity feedback gain, and robot's response becomes slow with large one. Inasmuch as there is a tradeoff between the stability and the response, it is considered that force control by robots is difficult. This paper proposes a force control system with disturbance observer. It is possible to obtain the force information with wide bandwidth by using the disturbance observer. This paper shows that bandwidth of force sensing is very important for contact motion control. By using the wide bandwidth of force sensing, both stability and response are improved. Furthermore, force control is attainable by the construction of the easiest force control architecture. Therefore, the ideal zero-stiffness-force control is attained. The numerical and experimental results show viability of the proposed method.
53.3.25	Hui Hu, Peng-Yung Woo, "Fuzzy supervisory sliding-mode and neural-network control for robotic manipulators," IEEE Trans. on Industrial Electronics, vol. 53, no. 3, pp. 929- 940, June 2006. Abstract Link Full Text Abstract: Highly nonlinear, highly coupled, and time-varying robotic manipulators suffer from structured and unstructured uncertainties. Sliding-mode control (SMC) is effective in overcoming uncertainties and has a fast transient response, while the control effort is discontinuous and creates chattering. The neural network has an inherent ability to learn and approximate a nonlinear function to arbitrary accuracy, which is used in the controllers to model complex processes and compensate for unstructured uncertainties. However, the unavoidable learning procedure degrades its transient performance in the presence of disturbance. A novel approach is presented to overcome their demerits and take advantage of their attractive features of robust and intelligent control. The proposed control scheme combines the SMC and the neural-network control (NNC) with different weights, which are determined by a fuzzy supervisory controller. This novel scheme is named fuzzy supervisory sliding-mode and neural-network control (FSSNC). The convergence and stability of the proposed control system are proved by using Lyapunov's direct method. Simulations for different situations demonstrate its robustness with satisfactory performance. Emerging Technology
53.3.26	Chia-Feng Juang, Jung-Shing Chen, "Water bath temperature control by a recurrent fuzzy controller and its FPGA implementation," IEEE Trans. on Industrial Electronics, vol. 53, no. 3, pp. 941- 949, June 2006. Abstract Link Full Text Abstract: A hardware implementation of the Takagi-Sugeno-Kan (TSK)-type recurrent fuzzy network (TRFN-H) for water bath temperature control is proposed in this paper. The TRFN-H is constructed by a series of recurrent fuzzy if-then rules built on-line through concurrent structure and parameter learning. To design TRFN-H for temperature control, the direct inverse control configuration is adopted, and owing to the structure of TRFN-H, no a priori knowledge of the plant order is required, which eases the design process. Due to the powerful learning ability of TRFN-H, a small network is generated, which significantly reduces the hardware implementation cost. After the network is designed, it is realized on a field-programmable gate array (FPGA) chip. Because both the rule and input variable numbers in TRFN-H are small, it is implemented by combinational circuits directly without using any memory. The good performance of the TRFN-H chip is verified from comparisons with computer-based proportional-integral fuzzy (PI) and neural network controllers for different sets of experiments on water bath temperature control.
53.3.27	L. Yao, Chih-Heng Fang, "A hardness measuring method based on hough fuzzy vertex detection algorithm," IEEE Trans. on Industrial Electronics, vol. 53, no. 3, pp. 950- 962, June 2006. Abstract Link Full Text Abstract: This paper proposes the use of a new automatic Vickers hardness measuring method called Hough fuzzy vertex detection algorithm (HFVDA). To overcome the unavoidable effects of vertex detection due to surface contaminations or specimen texture, HFVDA transforms all the indentation edge pixels into the Hough space. Within the Hough space, a weighted fuzzy c-means algorithm along with local maximum detection is proposed to find the indentation edge lines. Inasmuch as indentation deformation usually occurs in the hardness test process, an approach that overcomes the measurement inaccuracy due to indentation deformation is also proposed in this paper. It shows that HFVDA is able to find the indentation vertices and calculate the hardness number with high accuracy for either specular-polished or rough-polished specimens.
53.3.28	S. Bachir, S. Tnani, J.-C. Trigeassou, G. Champenois, "Diagnosis by parameter estimation of stator and rotor faults occurring in induction machines," IEEE Trans. on Industrial Electronics, vol. 53, no. 3, pp. 963- 973, June 2006. Abstract Link Full Text Abstract: In this paper, the authors give a new model of squirrel-cage induction motors under stator and rotor faults. First, they study an original model that takes into account the effects of interturn faults resulting in the shorting of one or more circuits of stator-phase winding. They introduce, thus, additional parameters to explain the fault in the three stator phases. Then, they propose a new faulty model dedicated to broken rotor bars detection. The corresponding diagnosis procedure based on parameter estimation of the stator and rotor faulty model is proposed. The estimation technique is performed by taking into account prior information available on the safe system operating in nominal conditions. A special three-phase induction machine has been designed and constructed in order to simulate true faulty experiments. Experimental test results show good agreement and demonstrate the possibility of detection and localization of previous failures.
53.3.29	Yie-Tone Chen, Jyh-Ming Liang, "Paralleling magamp-postregulator modules with sliding-mode-control method," IEEE Trans. on Industrial Electronics, vol. 53, no. 3, pp. 974- 983, June 2006. Abstract Link Full Text Abstract: This paper presents the parallel application of the magnetic amplifier (magamp) postregulators with a sliding-mode control. The system can be robust and with fast dynamic response based on the sliding-mode control. The controller can be designed in the time domain directly, which makes the design strategy easier and realizable. When the load increases, the parallel operation is adequate to be adopted. With the sliding-mode control and proper current distribution, the output currents of the parallel modules can be same when the capacity of the individual module is equal. Even if the capacities of the modules are different, the module with more capacity can also provide more output current and work well. Therefore, the purposes of controlling the output current distribution and achieving the stability of output voltage based on this kind of control strategy are achieved. Simulations and experimental results show that the parallel modules of magamp postregulators with the sliding-mode control can obtain the well dynamic behavior and proper current distribution. Letters to the Editor
53.3.30	Sangshin Kwak, H.A. Toliyat, "Current-source-rectifier topologies for sinusoidal supply current: theoretical studies and analyses," IEEE Trans. on Industrial Electronics, vol. 53, no. 3, pp. 984- 987, June 2006. Abstract Link Full Text Abstract: For current-source-rectifier (CSR)-based systems, sinusoidal supply current and unity displacement power factor in the utility are achieved through either a pulsewidth-modulation CSR or a phase-controlled rectifier in conjunction with an active filter. This paper investigates theoretical studies and analyses for the two topologies from the standpoint of converter kilovoltampere rating and switch rating.
53.3.31	Wanfeng Zhang, Guang Feng, Yan-Fei Liu, Bin Wu, "New digital control method for power factor correction," IEEE Trans. on Industrial Electronics, vol. 53, no. 3, pp. 987- 990, June 2006. Abstract Link Full Text Abstract: For conventional digital power-factor correction (PFC) control methods, the duty cycle is calculated in every switching period. One main implementation barrier for the digital control of PFC is the limited switching frequency due to the limited processor speed. A new digital PFC control method is proposed to solve this problem. Based on the input current and duty cycles of the previous half-line periods, the new digital PFC control method uses an optimization algorithm to generate all of the duty cycles in advance, which are required to achieve PFC for one half-line period. Total harmonic distortion, which is directly related to the power factor, is adopted as the objective function. The proposed new digital PFC control strategy overcomes the problem of limited switching frequency due to a limited digital signal processor (DSP) speed. The proposed algorithm can be implemented by a low-cost DSP. Simulation results show that unity power factor is achieved using the proposed method.
53.3.32	K. Sundareswaran, N. Rajasekar, V.T. Sreedevi, "Performance comparison of capacitor-run induction motors supplied from AC voltage regulator and SPWM AC chopper," IEEE Trans. on Industrial Electronics, vol. 53, no. 3, pp. 990- 993, June 2006. Abstract Link Full Text Abstract: This letter systematically investigates and compares the performance characteristics of a variable-speed capacitor-run induction motor driving a domestic fan load using an ac voltage regulator and a single pulsewidth-modulated (SPWM) ac chopper. This proposal is a significant break from the conventional conclusion since it is shown that the SPWM ac chopper is inferior to the phase angle control scheme for a capacitor-run motor load.