IEEE Transactions on Industrial Electronics 

Volume 46,  Number 6, Dec 1999           Access to the journal on IEEE XPLORE     IE Transactions Home Page



46.6.1    L.C. Jain, "Guest editorial special section on fusion of neural nets, fuzzy systems, and genetic algorithms in industrial applications," IEEE Trans. on Industrial Electronics, vol. 46, no. 6, pp. 1049-1050, Dec 1999.   Abstract Link    Full Text

Abstract: Not Available

46.6.2    Yi-Pin Kuo, T.-S.S. Li, "GA-based fuzzy PI/PD controller for automotive active suspension system," IEEE Trans. on Industrial Electronics, vol. 46, no. 6, pp. 1051-1056, Dec 1999.   Abstract Link    Full Text

Abstract: A genetic-algorithm (GA)-based fuzzy proportional-plus-integral-proportional-plus-derivative (PI/PD) controller is proposed for an automotive active suspension system (AASS). The fuzzy PI- and PD-type controllers are combined to cope with the different road conditions. By using the merit of GAs, the optimal decision-making rules for both types of controllers are constructed. The real-time simulation results demonstrate that the fusion of GAs and fuzzy controller for an AASS can provide passengers much more ride comfort

46.6.3    H. Ishibuchi, T. Nakaskima, "Improving the performance of fuzzy classifier systems for pattern classification problems with continuous attributes," IEEE Trans. on Industrial Electronics, vol. 46, no. 6, pp. 1057-1068, Dec 1999.   Abstract Link    Full Text

Abstract: In this paper, various methods are introduced for improving the ability of fuzzy classifier systems to automatically generate fuzzy if-then rules for pattern classification problems with continuous attributes. First, we describe a simple fuzzy classifier system where a randomly generated initial population of fuzzy if-then rules is evolved by typical genetic operations, such as selection, crossover, and mutation. By computer simulations on a real-world pattern classification problem with many continuous attributes, we show that the search ability of such a simple fuzzy classifier system is not high. Next, we examine the search ability of a hybrid algorithm where a learning procedure of fuzzy if-then rules is combined with the fuzzy classifier system. Then, we introduce two heuristic procedures for improving the performance of the fuzzy classifier system. One is a heuristic rule generation procedure for an initial population where initial fuzzy if-then rules are directly generated from training patterns. The other is a heuristic population update procedure where new fuzzy if-then rules are generated from misclassified and rejected training patterns, as well as from existing fuzzy if-then rules by genetic operations. By computer simulations, we demonstrate that these two heuristic procedures drastically improve the search ability of the fuzzy classifier system. We also examine a variant of the fuzzy classifier system where the population size (i.e., the number of fuzzy if-then rules) varies depending on the classification performance of fuzzy if-then rules in the current population

46.6.4    S. Altug, Mo-Yuen Chen, H.J. Trussell, "Fuzzy inference systems implemented on neural architectures for motor fault detection and diagnosis," IEEE Trans. on Industrial Electronics, vol. 46, no. 6, pp. 1069-1079, Dec 1999.   Abstract Link    Full Text

Abstract: Motor fault detection and diagnosis involves processing a large amount of information of the motor system. With the combined synergy of fuzzy logic and neural networks, a better understanding of the heuristics underlying the motor fault detection/diagnosis process and successful fault detection/diagnosis schemes can be achieved. This paper presents two neural fuzzy (NN/FZ) inference systems, namely, fuzzy adaptive learning control/decision network (FALCON) and adaptive network based fuzzy inference system (ANFIS), with applications to induction motor fault detection/diagnosis problems. The general specifications of the NN/FZ systems are discussed. In addition, the fault detection/diagnosis structures are analyzed and compared with regard to their learning algorithms, initial knowledge requirements, extracted knowledge types, domain partitioning, rule structuring and modifications. Simulated experimental results are presented in terms of motor fault detection accuracy and knowledge extraction feasibility. Results suggest new and promising research areas for using NN/FZ inference systems for incipient fault detection and diagnosis in induction motors

46.6.5    N.E. Nawa, T. Furuhashi, T. Hashiyama, Y. Uchikawa, "A study on the discovery of relevant fuzzy rules using pseudobacterial genetic algorithm," IEEE Trans. on Industrial Electronics, vol. 46, no. 6, pp. 1080-1089, Dec 1999.   Abstract Link    Full Text

Abstract: This paper presents a new method for the discovery of relevant fuzzy rules using the pseudobacterial genetic algorithm (PBGA). The PBGA was proposed by the authors as a new approach combining a genetic algorithm with a local improvement mechanism inspired by a process in bacterial genetics, named bacterial operation. The presented system aims at the improvement of the quality of the generated fuzzy rules, producing blocks of effective rules and more compact rule bases. This is achieved by encoding the fuzzy rules in the chromosomes in a suitable form in order to make the bacterial operation more effective and by using a crossover operation that adaptively decides the cutting points according to the distribution of degrees of truth values of the rules. In this paper, first, results obtained when using the PBGA for a simple fuzzy modeling problem are presented and compared with other methods. Second, the PBGA is used in the design of a fuzzy logic controller for a semi-active suspension system. The results show the benefits obtained with this approach in both of the studied cases

46.6.6    Sunan Huang, Wei Ren, "Use of neural fuzzy networks with mixed genetic/gradient algorithm in automated vehicle control," IEEE Trans. on Industrial Electronics, vol. 46, no. 6, pp. 1090-1102, Dec 1999.   Abstract Link    Full Text

Abstract: This paper is concerned with the design of automated vehicle guidance control. First, we propose to implement the guidance tasks using several individual controllers. Next, a neural fuzzy network (NFN) is used to build these controllers, where the NFN constructs are neural-network-based connectionist models. A two-phase hybrid learning algorithm which combines genetic and gradient algorithms is employed to identify the NFN weightings. Finally, simulations are given to show that the proposed technology can improve the speed of learning convergence and enhance the performance of vehicle control

46.6.7    Chin-Shyurng Fahn, Kou-Torng Lan, Zen-Bang Chern, "Fuzzy rules generation using new evolutionary algorithms combined with multilayer perceptrons," IEEE Trans. on Industrial Electronics, vol. 46, no. 6, pp. 1103-1113, Dec 1999.   Abstract Link    Full Text

Abstract: Based on evolutionary algorithms (EAs) and multilayer perceptrons (MLPs), a fuzzy rules generation method inclusive of two main learning stages is presented in this paper. In the primary stage, a new EA is developed to generate numerical control rules from input-output data without the help of experts, which increases the diversity of individuals to reduce the opportunities of falling into local optima. Every generated numerical rule is accumulated in a lookup table called a numerical-rule-based controller (NRC). In the secondary stage, both antecedent and consequent variables of the numerical rules are fuzzified by training MLPs with the backpropagation algorithm. All training data are directly derived from the NRC with simple manipulations. Consequently, a linguistic-rule-based controller (LRC) consisting of the generated fuzzy rules is completed. Two illustrative experiments are successfully made on the computer simulation and hardware implementation of the NRCs and LRCs of different types using the new EA combined with the MLPs. The experimental results reveal that the proposed EA-MLP MLP approach is efficient and effective to generate fuzzy rules which control nonlinearly dynamical systems exceedingly well

46.6.8    Mu-Chun Su, Chih-Wen Liu, Chen-Sung Chang, "Rule extraction for voltage security margin estimation," IEEE Trans. on Industrial Electronics, vol. 46, no. 6, pp. 1114-1122, Dec 1999.   Abstract Link    Full Text

Abstract: Research efforts have been devoted to estimating voltage security margins which show how close the current operating point of a power system is to a voltage collapse point as assessment of voltage security. One main disadvantage of these techniques is that they require large computations, therefore, they are not efficient for on-line use in power control centers. In this paper, we propose a technique based on hyperrectangular composite neural networks (HRCNNs) and fuzzy hyperrectangular composite neural networks (FHRCNNs) for voltage security margin estimation. The technique provides us with much faster assessments of voltage security than conventional techniques. The two classes of HRCNNs and FHRCNNs integrate the paradigm of neural networks with the rule-based approach, rendering them more useful than either. The values of the network parameters, after sufficient training, can be utilized to generate crisp or fuzzy rules on the basis of preselected meaningful features. Extracted rules are helpful to explain the whole assessment procedure so the assessments are more capable of being trusted. In addition, the power system operators or corresponding experts can delete unimportant features or add some additional features to improve the performance and computational efficiency based on the evaluation of the extracted rules. The proposed technique was tested on 3000 simulated data randomly generated from operating conditions on the IEEE 30-bus system to indicate its high efficiency

46.6.9    Y. Hasegawa, T. Fukuda, K. Shimojima, "Self-scaling reinforcement learning for fuzzy logic controller-applications to motion control of two-link brachiation robot ," IEEE Trans. on Industrial Electronics, vol. 46, no. 6, pp. 1123-1131, Dec 1999.   Abstract Link    Full Text

Abstract: In this paper, we propose a new reinforcement learning algorithm to generate a fuzzy controller for robot motions. This algorithm generates a range of continuous real-valued actions, and the reinforcement signal is self-scaled. This prevents the weights from overshooting when the system receives very large reinforcement values. Therefore, this algorithm can obtain a solution in fewer iterations. The proposed method is applied to the control of the brachiation robot, which moves dynamically from branch to branch like a gibbon swinging its body in a pendulum-like fashion. Through computer simulations, we show the fast convergence and the robustness against disturbances

46.6.10    B.M. Wilamowski, R.C. Jaeger, M.O. Kaynak, "Neuro-fuzzy architecture for CMOS implementation," IEEE Trans. on Industrial Electronics, vol. 46, no. 6, pp. 1132-1136, Dec 1999.   Abstract Link    Full Text

Abstract: In this paper, a nonconventional structure for a “fuzzy” controller is proposed. It does not require signal division, and it produces control surfaces similar to classical fuzzy controllers. The structure combines fuzzification, MIN operators, normalization, and weighted sum blocks. The fuzzy architecture is implemented as a VLSI chip using 2-μm n-well technology. A new fuzzification circuit, which requires only one differential pair per membership function is proposed. Eight equally spaced membership functions are used in the VLSI implementation. Simple voltage MIN circuits are used for rule selection. A modified Takagi-Sugeno approach with normalization and weighted sum is used in the defuzzification circuit. Weights in the defuzzifier are digitally programmable with 6-bits resolution

46.6.11    E. Rodriguez, D. Abud, J. Arau, "A novel single-stage single-phase DC uninterruptible power supply with power-factor correction," IEEE Trans. on Industrial Electronics, vol. 46, no. 6, pp. 1137-1147, Dec 1999.   Abstract Link    Full Text

Abstract: Nowadays, DC uninterruptible power supply (DC-UPS) systems are becoming a reliable solution in order to improve the efficiency in switch-mode power supplies. An important challenge in the incorporation of power factor correction and fast dynamic output response is low-cost power electronic hardware. This paper describes a novel and simple DC-UPS structure, which offers excellent characteristics in terms of cost, size, and efficiency, taking into account a reduced number of power semiconductors. A complete analysis and design considerations are presented in such a way that the previously-mentioned characteristics are achieved. An experimental prototype was built to verify the converter characteristics, and the obtained experimental results are also included

46.6.12    J.M. Alonso, A.J. Calleja, E. Lopez, J. Ribas, M. Rico-Secades, "A novel single-stage constant-wattage high-power-factor electronic ballast," IEEE Trans. on Industrial Electronics, vol. 46, no. 6, pp. 1148-1158, Dec 1999.   Abstract Link    Full Text

Abstract: A novel single-stage high-power-factor electronic ballast is presented in this paper. The ballast is obtained from the integration of a buck-boost converter and a half-bridge LC resonant inverter. The ballast features lamp power regulation against line voltage fluctuations together with high power factor and dimming capability. The steady-state analysis of the ballast is performed and a low-frequency model of the input stage is derived. A design example, including closed-loop circuitry, is also presented. Finally, some experimental results from a laboratory prototype are shown

46.6.13    T. Suzuki, H. Ikeda, H. Yoshida, S. Shinohara, "Megasonic transducer drive utilizing MOSFET DC-to-RF inverter with output power of 600 W at 1 MHz," IEEE Trans. on Industrial Electronics, vol. 46, no. 6, pp. 1159-1173, Dec 1999.   Abstract Link    Full Text

Abstract: This paper describes MOSFET power inverter systems, each provided to drive a megasonic transducer with an output power of 600 W at a frequency of 1 MHz. Since the megasonic transducer is used as a resonant load with a series resistance of approximately 1 Ω, the impedance characteristic of the megasonic transducer used as an inverter load is analyzed and compared with measured data. A new method is developed to match the inverter output impedance to the load impedance of as low as 1 Ω at the resonant frequency using a high-performance output transformer which can feed RF power to the load at high efficiency. The output transformer having a primary-to-secondary winding ratio of 2 to 1 was used by the inverter to drive the megasonic transducer. Based on the analysis of the impedance characteristics of the load, two types of MOSFET dc-to-RF power inverters, a full-bridge version and a single-ended version, were designed and built. These power inverters were put into practical use in cleaners. The power conversion efficiency was greater than 80% for the full-bridge version at an output of approximately 600 W and 50% for the single-ended version at an output power of approximately 600 W. When the megasonic transducer was operated with an input power of 600 W. the operation was satisfactory

46.6.14    J. Hirai, Tae-Woong Kim, A. Kawamura, "Study on crosstalk in inductive transmission of power and information," IEEE Trans. on Industrial Electronics, vol. 46, no. 6, pp. 1174-1182, Dec 1999.   Abstract Link    Full Text

Abstract: In previous papers, the authors introduced the wireless transmission of power and information (WTPI). This paper describes the most important issue for realizing the WTPI, which is how to ensure reliable transmission by reducing the crosstalk from the power-to-data channel. Crosstalk analysis is made with the following steps after the review of the WTPI technology: (1) magnetic flux distribution in the coaxial WTPI coupling is assumed; (2) an equivalent circuit is drawn by introduction of the crosstalk coefficient Kct; and (3) according to the equivalent circuit, the crosstalk ratio CR is calculated and the induced noise level is estimated. Thereafter, the following three possible countermeasures to reduce crosstalk are proposed: (1) appropriate magnetic core dimensioning for the coupling; (2) reduction of high-frequency harmonics in the power inverter output voltage; and (3) magnetic shielding. Lastly, test results on concurrent transmission with the combination of these countermeasures are shown

46.6.15    M.J. Ryan, R.D. Lorenz, R. De Doncker, "Modeling of multileg sine-wave inverters: a geometric approach," IEEE Trans. on Industrial Electronics, vol. 46, no. 6, pp. 1183-1191, Dec 1999.   Abstract Link    Full Text

Abstract: Three fundamental sine-wave inverter topologies are analyzed: two-leg (one-phase, two-wire); three-leg (three-phase, three-wire); and four-leg (three-phase, four-wire). The topologies are “full-bridge” voltage-source inverters with LC filters suitable for producing sinusoidal output voltages. The switching states and corresponding output voltage vectors produced by each inverter are identified and presented along with an analysis of the geometric arrangement of these voltage vectors. A pattern of characteristics is established whereby the “qd” modeling forms commonly used with three-leg inverters are extended to address the expanded capabilities of the four-leg inverter. A unique 4×4 decoupling transformation matrix is presented for the four-leg inverter that enables direct transformation between the four-degree-of-freedom (DOF) leg-modulation space of the inverter and its corresponding 3-DOF output-voltage space. This is shown to be directly analogous to the well-known “abc-qd” transformation developed for the three-leg inverter. Fully decoupled models for each inverter are presented

46.6.16    T. Miura, T. Taniguchi, "Open-loop control of a stepping motor using oscillation-suppressive exciting sequence tuned by genetic algorithm," IEEE Trans. on Industrial Electronics, vol. 46, no. 6, pp. 1192-1198, Dec 1999.   Abstract Link    Full Text

Abstract: A new method for suppression of rotor oscillation in open-loop drive of a stepping motor is proposed. In this method, the torque equilibrium position of the motor is manipulated so as to guarantee insensitiveness to the variation of rotor inertia; the motion of the equilibrium position is made to be nonoscillatory, and the frequency of the motion is bound within the region limited by the maximum frequency determined by considering the performance on the condition with the largest inertial load. The exciting sequence used for a single-step drive is tuned by using the technique of genetic algorithm. It is shown by the experimental results that rotor oscillation can be well suppressed on the load conditions with different inertial loads

46.6.17    M. Nashiki, A. Satake, Y. Kawai, T. Yokochi, S. Okuma, "A new flux-barrier-type reluctance motor with a slit rotor," IEEE Trans. on Industrial Electronics, vol. 46, no. 6, pp. 1199-1206, Dec 1999.   Abstract Link    Full Text

Abstract: A reluctance motor, with a rotor which has many slits, is proposed. The slits are used to generate magnetic flux in the d-axis direction. In practice, the rotor, which has a fewer number of slits, is desired to increase productivity. With a fewer number of slits, torque ripple becomes large. Therefore, torque ripple reduction methods are also proposed. In simulations and experiments, rated torque of the proposed motor is 1.7× as much as that of the conventional brushless DC motor with ferrite permanent magnets. The peak-to-peak (p-p) torque ripple is 1.5% p-p of the rated torque at the rated torque. The efficiency is 91% and the power factor is 61%, at the rated torque and 1200 min-1. The characteristics of the field weakening and the constant power control are also shown. The breakpoint frequency of speed controls is about 200 Hz. Therefore, the proposed reluctance motor is feasible for general applications

46.6.18    A.D. Cheok, N. Ertugrul, "Use of fuzzy logic for modeling, estimation, and prediction in switched reluctance motor drives," IEEE Trans. on Industrial Electronics, vol. 46, no. 6, pp. 1207-1224, Dec 1999.   Abstract Link    Full Text

Abstract: Switched reluctance motor drives may be used in many commercial applications due to their simplicity and low cost. These drives require rotor position feedback to operate. However, in many systems, rotor position sensors have disadvantages. In this paper, a position sensorless scheme is described which uses fuzzy modeling, estimation and prediction. An important feature is that saturation and real-time nonideal effects are not ignored, but that no mathematical model is required. Instead, a fuzzy logic-based model is constructed from both static and real-time motor data, and from this model the rotor position is estimated. The system also incorporates fuzzy logic-based methods to provide a high robustness against noise. This includes a fuzzy predictive filter which combines both fuzzy logic-based time-series prediction, as well as a heuristic knowledge-based algorithm to detect and discard feedback signal error. In addition, the method uses heuristic knowledge to choose the most desirable phase for angle estimation in order to minimize the effect of feedback error. It is also shown that, by using fuzzy logic, the estimation scheme offers a high robustness and reliability and is thus well suited to a wide range of systems

46.6.19    J.M. de Costa Sousa, M. Setnes, "Fuzzy predictive filters in model predictive control," IEEE Trans. on Industrial Electronics, vol. 46, no. 6, pp. 1225-1232, Dec 1999.   Abstract Link    Full Text

Abstract: The application of model predictive control (MPG) to complex, nonlinear processes results in a nonconvex optimization problem for computing the optimal control actions. This optimization problem can be addressed by discrete search techniques, such as the branch-and-bound method, which has been successfully applied to MPG. The discretization, however, introduces a tradeoff between the number of discrete actions (computation time) and the performance. This paper proposes a solution to these problems by using a fuzzy predictive filter to construct the discrete control alternatives. The filter is represented as an adaptive set of control actions multiplied by a gain factor. This keeps the number of necessary alternatives low and increases the performance. Herewith, the problems introduced by the discretization of the control actions are diminished. The proposed MPC method using fuzzy predictive filters is applied by the temperature control of an air-conditioned test room. Simulations and real-time results show the advantages of the proposed method

46.6.20    Hong-Zhou Tan, T.W.S. Chow, "Blind and total identification of ARMA mode in higher order cumulants domain," IEEE Trans. on Industrial Electronics, vol. 46, no. 6, pp. 1233-1240, Dec 1999.   Abstract Link    Full Text

Abstract: A novel recursive algorithm for identifying orders and parameters of ARMA models driven by a sequence of nonGaussian random signals is investigated. The input sequence is assumed to be unobservable and the conditions are based on properties of the model output cumulants of the third order. In every cycle of updating the model order, the proposed algorithm minimizes a quadratic cost function to determine the parameters. The novelty of the approach is that the model orders and parameters are all estimated without a priori knowledge; the system is blind. The identification process is said to be total because the model parameters together with the model order are estimated in the same process. Owing to its order-recursive nature, the proposed algorithm requires little computational complexity and exhibits fast convergence behavior. Simulation results verify that Gaussian noises present at the output do not have noticeable effects on the identifiability and the accuracy of estimation

46.6.21    E. Tovar, F. Vasques, "Real-time fieldbus communications using Profibus networks," IEEE Trans. on Industrial Electronics, vol. 46, no. 6, pp. 1241-1251, Dec 1999.   Abstract Link    Full Text

Abstract: This paper provides a comprehensive study on how to use Profibus fieldbus networks to support real-time industrial communications, that is, on how to ensure the transmission of real-time messages within a maximum bound time. Profibus is base on a simplified timed token (TT) protocol, which is a well-proved solution for real-time communication systems. However, Profibus differs with respect to the TT protocol, thus preventing the application of the usual TT protocol real-time analysis. In fact, real-time solutions for networks based on the TT protocol rely on the possibility of allocating specific bandwidth for the real-time traffic. This means that a minimum amount of time is always available, at each token visit, to transmit real-time messages, transversely, with the Profibus protocol, in the worst case, only one real-time message is processed per token visit. The authors propose two approaches to guarantee the real-time behavior of the Profibus protocol: (1) an unconstrained low-priority traffic profile; and (2) a constrained low-priority traffic profile. The proposed analysis shows that the first profile is a suitable approach for more responsive systems (tighter deadlines), while the second allows for increased nonreal-time traffic throughput

46.6.22    L.-A. Dessaint, K. Al-Haddad, H. Le-Huy, G. Sybille, P. Brunelle, "A power system simulation tool based on Simulink," IEEE Trans. on Industrial Electronics, vol. 46, no. 6, pp. 1252-1254, Dec 1999.   Abstract Link    Full Text

Abstract: This paper describes the Power System Blockset (PSB) from The MathWorks, Natick, MA, which is a new software package for the simulation of electric circuits, power systems, power electronic devices, and electric drives. The PSB is developed in the graphical Simulink environment of the general-purpose Matlab software. This blockset inherits a number of advantages from its development environment, namely, an open architecture, a powerful graphical user interface, and versatile analysis and graphics tools. The user can integrate control systems implemented with Simulink blocks directly into a diagram built with the PSB. Solution of differential equations is accomplished using the state-space approach with variable-step variable-order integration algorithms. A simulation example is presented, and the results are compared with those obtained with PSPICE

46.6.23    "Author Index," IEEE Trans. on Industrial Electronics, vol. 46, no. 6, pp. 1-5, Dec 1999.   Abstract Link    Full Text

Abstract: Not Available

46.6.24    "Subject Index," IEEE Trans. on Industrial Electronics, vol. 46, no. 6, pp. 5-18, Dec 1999.   Abstract Link    Full Text

Abstract: Not Available